Immigration

Immigration accounted for all U.S. population growth in 2022-23, first time since 1850

The U.S. immigrant population grew by 1.6 million people while birth rates dropped, though the share of those who are foreign-born is slightly below the share in 1890.

FILE - More than 2,100 people from 120 countries are naturalized as U.S citizens at Los Angeles Dodger Stadium on Aug. 29, 2022.
Sarah Reingewirtz/MediaNews Group/Los Angeles Daily News via Getty Images file

All U.S. population growth in 2022-2023 happened because of immigration, not births — the first time that’s occurred since 1850, a migration think tank reported Wednesday.

That immigration growth has happened as U.S. birth rates have fallen, the Migration Policy Institute reported as part of its latest edition of 

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The immigrant population grew by 1.6 million people between 2022 and 2023, reaching a record high of 47.8 million in 2023, according to the analysis. That’s about a 3.6% population increase, the largest annual growth since 2010, the institute stated in its report.

However, the foreign-born percentage of the U.S. population is 14.3%. That puts it slightly below the 14.8% registered in 1890, MPI said.

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Nearly three-quarters (73%) of immigrants in the U.S. are legally present and almost half are naturalized citizens, according to MPI.

In addition to naturalized citizenship, those with legal status include green-card holders (legal permanent residents), refugees, those who have been granted asylum, had long-term visas as students, temporary workers or other categories.

U.S. birth rates reached a historic low in 2023, falling 2% from the previous year,  The fertility rate fell to 54.5 birth per 1,000 females of ages 15-44 in 2023, down from 56 in 2022.

The Census Bureau began collecting nativity data in 1850, when 2.2 million immigrants made up 10% of the U.S. population.

The U.S. is in the midst of a major immigration policy shake-up, with the Trump administration making a number of moves to curtail it. Many of its efforts are focused on illegal immigration, but  programs and pathways are also being affected.

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